1980 yil yanvar - January 1980

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1980 yil 27 yanvar: Kanada elchixonasi AQShning olti nafar diplomatini Erondan yashirincha olib chiqib ketdi
1980 yil 6-yanvar: Hindistonda Indira Gandi hokimiyat tepasiga qaytdi
1980 yil 22 yanvar: Sovet bombasi ixtirochisi Andrey Saxarov hibsga olingan va yopiq shaharga ko'chib o'tgan
1980 yil 18-yanvar: kumush xitlari rekord darajadagi untsiya uchun $ 52,80 ni tashkil etdi

Quyidagi voqealar sodir bo'ldi 1980 yil yanvar:

1980 yil 1 yanvar (seshanba)

  • 6,9 balli zilzila yangi o'n yillikning birinchi kunida mahalliy vaqt bilan kunduzi soat 3:42 da Azor orollariga zarba berdi[2] (1642 UTC) va 61 kishini o'ldirdi. Zilzila eng og'ir zarba bo'ldi Terseira oroli va uning viloyat markazi, Angra do Heroismo.[3]
  • Kanadadagi Yangi yil bayramida qirq sakkiz kishi halok bo'ldi, 50 kishi jarohat oldi Opémiska jamoat zalida yong'in yilda Chapais, Kvebek.[4] Ertalab soat 1: 15da ziyofat qatnashchilaridan biri eshik oldida quritilgan qarag'ay daraxtlari shoxlaridan yasalgan dekorativ kamarni yoqib yubordi va jamoat zali bal zalini bezash uchun ishlatilgan Rojdestvo daraxtlariga tarqaldi.[5]
  • 12: 01da, Massachusets shtati AQShning 50 shtatidan oxirgisi bo'ldi haydovchilarga qizil chiroq yonib o'ngga burilishga ruxsat berish.[6] Massachusets shtati AQSh Energetika vazirligining bosimi ostida o'z qonunini o'zgartirdi, agar shtat haydovchilar yorug'likda bo'sh vaqtini bekorga sarflashiga yo'l qo'ymaslik uchun o'z qoidalariga o'zgartirish kiritmasa, bir million dollarlik maxsus mablag'ni ushlab qolish bilan tahdid qilgan. Massachusets qonuni hali ham belediyelere belgilangan chorrahalarda "Qizil yoqilmaydi" belgisini o'rnatishga ruxsat berdi va Boston Globe ta'kidlashicha, davlat "o'rnatishning noma'lum xarajatlari bilan birga" 100000 dollarlik yangi belgilar uchun pul to'lagan;[7] bir hafta ichida, jamoat ishlari bo'limi shtatdagi chorrahalarning faqat uchdan bir qismi o'ng tomonga burilishga imkon bergan deb taxmin qildi.[8]
Merosxo'r Viktoriya[9]

1980 yil 2-yanvar (chorshanba)

  • Associated Press-ning 67 sport muallifi ishtirokidagi so'rovi va 38 ta murabbiyning "United Press International" tomonidan o'tkazilgan so'rovida Alabama universiteti Crimson Tide AQSh-ning mavsumdan keyingi piyola o'yinlaridan keyin birinchi o'rinni egallagan kollej futbol jamoasi ekanligi to'g'risida kelishib olindi, buni NCAA oldindan tan oldi. "kollej futbolining norasmiy milliy chempioni" sifatida pley-off davri. AP so'rovida Alabama Janubiy Kaliforniya universiteti troyanlaridan birinchi o'rinni 46 dan 21 gacha (va 1317 balldan 1289 gacha) va UPI so'rovnomasida murabbiylar Alabamani 28 dan 9 gacha (va 559 dan 539 ballgacha), 11-1-0 Oklaxoma Sooners universiteti uchun bitta ovoz bilan.[14]
  • Bert bog'lari, 25 yil davomida yillik mezbon sifatida tanilgan Miss Amerika go'zallik tanlovi tanlovi tashkilotchilari tomonidan ishdan bo'shatilgan.[15] Garchi har yili tanlovni qo'shiq kuylash bilan yopishi bilan tanilgan Parks bo'lsa ham "U bor, Miss Amerika "," bu haqda hech narsa "bilmasligini, muxbirga xabar bermaguncha, tanlov bosh direktori Parksga ikki hafta oldin yana bir yillik shartnomaga yollanmaslik to'g'risida xat yuborilganini aytdi.[16]
  • Tug'ilgan: Mak Dansig, Amerikalik aralash jang san'ati ustasi va Qafas shohi 2005 yildan 2007 yilgacha engil vazn chempioni; yilda Klivlend

1980 yil 3-yanvar (payshanba)

  • AQSh prezidenti Jimmi Karter Senatni ratifikatsiya qilishni keyingi ko'rib chiqishni kechiktirishni so'radi Tuz II Shartnoma, AQSh va AQSh o'rtasidagi ikkinchi kelishuv Sstrategik Arms Ltaqlid Tyadroviy raketalar sonini cheklashni so'raydi.[17] Shartnoma 1979 yil 18 iyunda imzolangan edi, ammo hech qachon ratifikatsiya qilinmaydi. Ikkala tomon ham ixtiyoriy ravishda cheklovlardan tashqarida ko'proq raketalar yasashdan qochishadi, ammo AQSh 1986 yilda belgilangan chegaralardan oshib ketadi. 1991 yil 31 iyulda AQSh va AQSh o'zlarining raketa zaxiralarini kamaytirish bo'yicha yangi bitimni imzoladilar, BOSHLASH (the St.strategik Arms Rta'lim Treaty), bu ratifikatsiya qilinadi va keyin yangi shartnomalar bilan almashtiriladi.
  • Besh a'zodan iborat Inqilobiy hukumat Xunta (JRG) hukmronlik qilgan Salvador 15 oktabrdan beri uchta fuqarolik a'zosidan ikkitasi iste'foga chiqqach, Markaziy Amerika davlati ikki Salvador polkovnigi va bitta fuqaroning nazorati ostida qoldi.[18] Haftaning boshida kabinet vazirlaridan birortasidan tashqari barchasi prezidentning o'rnini bosgan hukumatning harbiy hukmronligiga general sifatida norozilik namoyishini tark etishdi Karlos Humberto Romero. Xuntaning barcha uch fuqaro a'zosi 1980 yil 3 yanvarda 11 ta vazirlar vazirlaridan 10 nafari bilan birga iste'foga chiqdilar. Ikki harbiy rahbar, xunta raisi Adolfo Majano va Xayme Abdul Gutierrez, Gilyermo Ungo, Mario Andino va Roman Mayorga o'rnini egallagan uchta yangi fuqaro Xose Morales, Ektor Dada va Xose Avalos bilan ikkinchi xunta tuzdi.
  • Fransisko-de-Karneiro sifatida lavozimini egalladi Portugaliyaning bosh vaziri undan keyin Sotsial-demokratik partiya parlamentdagi 250 o'rindan 128 tasini egallab oldi 2 dekabr saylovlari uchun Assambleya da República, muvaffaqiyatli Mariya de Lourdes Pintasilgo.[19] Sa Karneiro 1980 yilning 4 dekabrida yil oxirigacha aviahalokatda o'ldiriladi.
  • O'ldi: Joy Adamson (tug'ilgan Fridike Gessner), 69 yosh, avstriyalik-vengriyalik tabiatshunos va eng ko'p sotilgan kitob muallifi Bepul tug'ilgan, sobiq xodimi tomonidan o'ldirilgan. Ommaviy axborot vositalari dastlab odamzodni tarbiyalash bilan mashhur bo'lgan Adamson haqida xabar berishdi Elza sher sher tomonidan o'ldirilgan edi.[20] 8 fevralda xodim Pol Ekay Adamsonni o'ldirishda ayblanib, 1981 yil 28 avgustda sudlangan.[21]

1980 yil 4-yanvar (juma)

1980 yil 5-yanvar (shanba)

1980 yil 6-yanvar (yakshanba)

1980 yil 7 yanvar (dushanba)

Chryslerplymouthlogo.png
  • AQSh prezidenti Karter 1979 yilda qabul qilingan Chrysler korporatsiyasining kreditlarni kafolatlash to'g'risidagi qonunini imzoladi va moliyaviy ahvoldan qutulish uchun 1,5 milliard dollar miqdorida federal hukumat kreditini taqdim etdi. Chrysler korporatsiyasi. "Ushbu qonunchilik erkin tadbirkorlikning o'z-o'zidan ishlashiga imkon berish printsipini buzmaydi, - dedi Prezident Karter, - chunki Xrizler hozirgi sharoitda noyobdir".[31] O'n yillik kredit "Shrysler" o'z aktsiyalarining 162,500,000 dollarini o'z ishchilariga topshirishi sharti bilan keldi, buning evaziga soatlik ishchilar 462,500,000 dollarlik ish haqini oshirish uchun kelishilgan shartnomani bekor qilishlari kerak va oq tanli xodimlar kelajakda 125 mln. Shuningdek, Krisler federal kreditning ustiga 500000000 dollar qo'shimcha xususiy bank kreditlarini olishi va pul yig'ish uchun o'z aktivlarini 1.43 milliard dollarga sotishi kerak edi.[32] To'rt yildan kamroq vaqt ichida Chrysler 1983 yil 12 avgustda hukumatga 813.487.500 dollarlik yakuniy chekni taqdim etib, AQSh G'aznachiligiga qarz va foizlarni to'laydi.[33]
  • The Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkilotining Xavfsizlik Kengashi ovoz berdi, 13 ga qarshi 2, ma'qullash uchun UNSC 462-sonli qarori deb talab qilish Sovet Ittifoqi o'z qo'shinlarini olib chiqing Afg'oniston Sovet Ittifoqi 22 dekabrda bostirib kirgan. Sovetlar veto huquqidan kengashning beshta doimiy a'zosidan biri sifatida foydalanib, qarorni inkor etishdi.[34] Ikki kundan so'ng, Xavfsizlik Kengashi (12 dan 2 gacha) 463-sonli rezolyutsiyani (Meksika va Filippinlar tomonidan) ushbu savolni butun Bosh assambleyaga ko'rib chiqish uchun kiritish to'g'risidagi iltimosnomani ma'qulladi, veto qo'yib bo'lmaydigan protsessual harakat.[35]
  • Shahar kengashi uni shahar hokimi etib saylaganidan so'ng, Kerolin Farrell opa Amerika shaharini boshqargan birinchi rohib bo'ldi. Dubuka, Ayova.[36] Kerolin opa Bibi Maryamning xayriya singillari tarkibiga kirgan.
  • Milliy aviakompaniyalar 1978 yilda sanoatni tartibga solishdan oldin Evropaga yo'lovchi reyslarini rejalashtirgan uchta AQSh aviakompaniyalaridan biri tomonidan sotib olingan Pan American World Airways 437,000,000 dollarga.[37] Pan Am Nationalning 43 ta Boeing 727 samolyotlari va 16 DC-10 jumbo samolyotlaridan iborat parkini sotib oldi, ammo moliyaviy muammolarini yanada kuchaytirdi va 1991 yil 4 dekabrda o'z faoliyatini to'xtatadi.
  • O'ldi:
    • Simonne Metyu, 71, 1938 va 1939 yillarda ayollar o'rtasida Frantsiya chempionati yakka chempioni unvonini qo'lga kiritgan frantsuz tennischisi va Frantsiya ochiq chempionatida va Uimbldonda 11 marta juftlik unvoniga ega bo'lgan.
    • Dov Yosef, 80, Kanadada tug'ilgan isroillik siyosatchi 1948 yildan 1966 yilgacha to'qqizta vazirlikda

1980 yil 8-yanvar (seshanba)

1980 yil 9 yanvar (chorshanba)

1980 yil 10-yanvar (payshanba)

  • Ostida AQSh qurollarining birinchi jo'natmasi Siklon operatsiyasi - birinchi navbatda .303 Britaniya Enfild uchun mo'ljallangan miltiqlar mujohidlar ning Afg'oniston Sovet armiyasiga qarshi kurashda - qo'shniga etib bordi Pokiston bosqindan ikki hafta o'tgach.[43]
  • Boston Bruins muzli xokkey darvozaboni Jim Styuart har qanday professional sportchi uchun eng yomon startlardan biri bo'lib, birinchi va yagona o'ynab, Milliy xokkey ligasi o'yin.[44][45] 20 daqiqalik birinchi davrada Sent-Luis Blyuz besh marta, soat 1:08, 2:55, 3:46, 15:27 va 16:42 da Styuartdan o'tib ketdi, ikkitasi Styuartning oyoqlari orasida va Styuart yiqilganidan so'ng final. Keyin Styuart: "Men basketbolni to'xtata olmadim" dedi.[46]. Marko Baron Styuartning NHLdagi 20 daqiqali karerasi oxirida paydo bo'ldi va Sent-Luis 7: 4 hisobida g'alaba qozondi.
  • O'ldi:
    • Jorj Meani, 85 yoshda, Amerika kasaba uyushma rahbari va AFL-CIO, 1955 yildan 1979 yilgacha, uning qo'shilishidan keyin Amerika Mehnat Federatsiyasi bilan Sanoat tashkilotlari kongressi
    • Robert "Bo" Reyn, 34 yoshda, amerikalik kollej futboli murabbiyi, 1980 yilgi mavsum uchun LSUga murabbiy sifatida yollanganidan so'ng, samolyot avariyasida halok bo'ldi. Reyn va uchuvchi Lyuis Benskotter uchib kelishgan Baton-Ruj, Luiziana ga Shreveport murabbiy o'rta maktab futbolchisini jalb qilishi uchun va o'sha kuni kechqurun 9:20 da bir soat davom etishi kerak bo'lgan 336 km (332 km) orqaga qaytish uchun jo'nab ketdi. Benskotter kuchli momaqaldiroqni oldini olish uchun balandlikka ko'tarilgan va Reyn bilan aftidan ular 28000 fut (8500 m) balandlikka etib borganlarida hushidan ketishgan. oksidlanishsizlanish idishni bosimining buzilishidan.[47] AQSh havo kuchlari qiruvchisi tomonidan ta'qib qilingan Cessna fathi keyin davom etdi avtomatik uchuvchi yoqilg'isi tugamaguncha va avtohalokatga uchraguncha 1400 mil (2300 km) Atlantika okeani, Sharqdan 100 milya (160 km) Keyp Charlz, Virjiniya, uch soatdan ko'proq vaqt o'tgach.[48]

1980 yil 11 yanvar (juma)

Hormuz bo'g'ozi
Nayjel Qisqa 11 da

1980 yil 12 yanvar (shanba)

  • G'arbiy Germaniya yangi Yashil partiya (Die Grünen) o'zining ta'sis kongressini o'tkazdi Karlsrue uchun faol sifatida ekologizm va uchun tinchlik harakati. London muxbirining ta'kidlashicha, "G'arbiy Germaniyada yangi siyosiy kuch paydo bo'ldi, unga o'xshash davlatlar urushdan beri ko'rmagan".[52] Delegatlar to'rt ustunni tasdiqlash uchun ovoz berishdi (Vier Grundwerten) Yashillar partiyasi (Ijtimoiy adolat, ekologik donolik, o't ildizlari demokratiyasi va zo'ravonlik) va saylangan Petra Kelli ularning birinchi rahbari sifatida. 1998 yildan 2005 yilgacha Germaniyaning Sotsial-demokratik partiyasi bilan hukmron koalitsiyasining bir qismi edi.
  • Tug'ilgan: Amerie (Ameri Mari Rojersning sahna nomi), amerikalik R & B qo'shiqchisi va aktrisasi; yilda Fitchburg, Massachusets
  • O'ldi: Fin Ronne, 80 yosh, norvegiyalik qutb tadqiqotchisi

1980 yil 13 yanvar (yakshanba)

  • Bir hafta ichida ikkinchi marta Sovet Ittifoqi undan foydalangan Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti Xavfsizlik Kengashining veto huquqi. Tehronning AQSh elchixonasida garovga olinganlar ozod etilguniga qadar Eronga qarshi iqtisodiy sanktsiyalarni qo'llashni talab qiluvchi AQSh homiyligida qabul qilingan rezolyutsiya 10 dan 2 gacha (ikki betaraf) qabul qilindi, ammo sovetlar veto qo'yib, bu chorani o'ldirdilar.[53]
  • Joshua Nkomo, rahbari Zimbabve Afrika xalqlari ittifoqi, qaytib keldi Zimbabve Rodeziya qo'shnidagi surgunidan keyin Zambiya va mustaqillik oldidan parlament saylovlarida qatnashishga tayyor edi.[54]
  • AQSh 400.000.000 dollarlik harbiy va iqtisodiy yordam taklif qildi Pokiston uch hafta oldin qo'shni Pokistonni bosib olgan Sovet Ittifoqidan islom millatini himoya qilish.[55]
  • Uch kishi - amerikalik va ikki frantsuz sayyoh - Nyu-York shahridagi ofisning terroristik bombasi tufayli jarohat olishdi Aeroflot, Sovet Ittifoqi milliy aviakompaniyasi. Kechki soat 6: 07da chang'i maskasi kiygan erkak aviakompaniyaning Beshinchi avenyu 545-dagi ofisiga paketni uloqtirdi. Bizdan ekanligini da'vo qilayotganlar Yahudiylarning mudofaa ligasi va anti-Kastrodan Omega 7 guruh.[56]
  • Tug'ilgan: Mariya de Villota, Ispaniyada poyga haydovchisi va sinov mashinasi haydovchisi; yilda Madrid (2013 yil jarohati asoratlari tufayli)
  • O'ldi: Andre Kostelanets, 78, Rossiyada tug'ilgan amerikalik orkestr dirijyori

1980 yil 14 yanvar (dushanba)

1980 yil 15 yanvar (seshanba)

  • The Eron Islom Respublikasi barcha xorijiy televizion jurnalistlarga juma kuni yarim tungacha mamlakatni tark etishni buyurdi.[61]
  • Brendon Tartikoff 1980-yillarda uchinchi o'rinni egallagan NBC televizion tarmog'ining boyliklarini aylantirgan, 31 yoshida, NBC Entertainment-ning yangi prezidenti sifatida tanilganida, ushbu dastur uchun dasturlash boshlig'i bo'lgan.[62]
  • Hushyor adolatning g'ayrioddiy namoyishida shaharchada 300 kishilik olomon Belford Roxo yilda Rio-de-Janeyro shtati ikki qaroqchini o'ldirib urdi. Ikki o'g'ri avtobusga o'tirishgan, qashshoq shaharchadagi yo'lovchilarni qurol bilan pul berishga majbur qilishgan va keyin g'azablangan olomon ularni ta'qib qilishgan. Bir o'g'ri qurbon tomonidan to'rt marta otilgan. Ikki kishi o'n dollardan kamroq pul olib ketishdi.[63]

1980 yil 16-yanvar (chorshanba)

  • Sifatida Eronda garovga olingan inqiroz davom etdi, Valter Kronkayt uni yopdi CBS Evening News "Va bu shunday, 1980 yil 16-yanvar, chorshanba, Eronda 50 amerikalikni asirga olishning 74-kuni. Bu Walter Cronkite, CBS News. Xayrli tun."[64] Qolgan inqiroz davomida Cronkite har bir eshittirish oxirida hisobni 1981 yil 20-yanvargacha, "Eronda 50 amerikalikning asirga olinishining 444-kuni" ga qadar davom ettiradi.[65]
  • Farragut, Tennesi, qo'shni qo'shilishni oldini olishni istagan Sharqiy Tennesi shtati aholisi tomonidan munitsipalitet sifatida kiritilgan. Noksvill. Hozir shaharchada 23 mingga yaqin aholi istiqomat qiladi.
  • Tug'ilgan:
    • Lin-Manuel Miranda, Amerikalik Broadway musiqiy prodyuseri va aktyori, ko'p marotaba Toni mukofoti, Gremmi va Emmi mukofotlari hamda Pulitser mukofoti; uchun musiqa va so'zlarni yozgani va bosh rolda ishtirok etgani bilan tanilgan Xemilton; yilda Nyu-York shahri
    • Albert Pujols, Dominikanda tug'ilgan Oliy liga Beysbolning birinchi bosh murabbiyi, uch marotaba Milliy Liga MVP; Xose Alberto Pujols Alkantara singari Santo-Domingo

1980 yil 17 yanvar (payshanba)

1980 yil 18 yanvar (juma)

  • Narxi kumush eng yuqori darajaga etdi (troya unsiyasi uchun $ 52,80 Chikago savdo kengashi (CBOT)) aka-uka sifatida savdo qilish paytida Nelson Bunker Hunt, Uilyam Gerbert Xant va Lamar Hunt jahon kumushining uchdan bir qismini sotib olib, bozorni burchakka aylantirishga urinib ko'rdi, keyinchalik iqtisodchilar "bu asrda yuz beradigan Amerika fyuchers bozoridagi eng jiddiy manipulyatsiyalardan biri" deb ta'riflashdi.[68] 1979 yil boshida bir troya unsiyasi narxi 6,08 dollarni tashkil etgan edi. 18-yanvardan keyin narx muttasil pasayib ketdi, 1980 yil 27-martda katta selloff paydo bo'ldi va endi Kumush payshanba.
  • The Almö ko'prigi, Shvetsiya shahrini birlashtirgan Tyorn materikka, Norvegiya yuk tashuvchisidan keyin qulab tushdi XONIM Yulduzli qaychi tungi soat 1:27 da ko'prik kamariga urilib, uning asosiy oralig'ini chiqarib oldi. Tumanni bosib o'tib, ko'prik tashqarida bo'lganini bilmay, 41 metr (135 fut) pastda Xek Fyord suviga tushib, sakkizta avtoulovchi halok bo'ldi. Materikdagi politsiya 14 daqiqada ko'prikning yon tomonlarini yopib qo'ydi. Associated Press xabariga ko'ra, "Tyorn orolidagi politsiyachiga voqea sodir bo'lganidan 10 daqiqadan so'ng uyda telefon qilishgan, ammo kiyinib, boshqa uchini to'sish uchun saytga haydash uchun 50 daqiqa vaqt ketgan", dedi politsiya.[69]
  • Tug'ilgan:
  • O'ldi:
    • Sesil Biton, 76, sahna va film uchun ingliz kostyumlari bo'yicha dizayner, to'rtta Toni mukofotlari va uchta Oskar mukofotlari sovrindori
    • Barbara Britton, 59, amerikalik kino, radio va televizion aktrisa eng taniqli qahramonlardan biri sifatida tanilgan Janob va Shimoliy xonim translyatsiya seriyalari; oshqozon osti bezi saratonidan

1980 yil 19 yanvar (shanba)

  • Qirolning qoldiqlari Ispaniyalik Alfonso XIII 1931 yilda taxtdan tushirilguncha va mamlakatdan chiqib ketishga majbur bo'lganidan oldin deyarli 45 yil davomida hukmronlik qilgan, o'limidan deyarli 40 yil o'tgach, tug'ilgan joyida dafn etilgan.[70] Sobiq qirol 1941 yil 28 fevralda vafotidan keyin Italiyada dafn etilgan. Nabirasining buyrug'i bilan, Qirol Xuan Karlos I, Alfonsoning kassasi O'rta er dengizi portiga keltirildi Kartagena Ispaniya dengiz flotida Asturiya va keyin dafn etilgan joyga uchib ketishdi El eskaliy.
  • Vilt Chemberlen 122 uchun rekord Milliy basketbol assotsiatsiyasi bir o'yinchi tomonidan to'plangan 50 va undan ortiq ochko bilan o'yinlar, tarixdagi NBA qolgan o'yinchilar tomonidan buzilgan. "San-Diego Klippers" futbolchisi Freeman Uilyams "Feniks Suns" ga qarshi uchrashuvda 137-1123 hisobida mag'lub bo'lganida 51 ochko to'plab, "Uiltdan boshqa o'yinchining 50-marotaba erishganiga 123-marta etib keldi. Boshqacha qilib aytganda, bu NBA-ning barcha boshqa futbolchilarini olib qo'ydi 31 yil ... Viltning rekordini "buzish" uchun. "[71]
  • Tug'ilgan: Jenson tugmasi, Britaniyalik poyga avtomobili haydovchisi va 2009 yilgi Formula-1 jahon chempionati g'olibi; yilda Frome, Somerset
  • O'ldi:

1980 yil 20 yanvar (yakshanba)

  • The Pitsburg Steelers pro futbol jamoasi mag'lubiyatga uchradi Los-Anjeles qo'chqorlari, 31 dan 19 gacha, g'alaba qozonish uchun Super Bowl XIV va oltita mavsumda to'rtinchi NFL unvoni.[72] O'ynagan Pasadena, Kaliforniya Rose Bowl stadionida o'yinni 98985 tomoshabin tomosha qildi, bu rekord hali ham saqlanib qolmoqda, shuningdek televizorda 76 200 000 tomoshabin taxmin qilingan. Birinchi uch chorakning har birida (7-3, 13-10 va 19-17) qo'chqorlar o'yinni boshqargan, ammo Pitsburg to'rtinchi chorakda ikkita zarba berib, o'yinni ikkitadan kam bo'lmagan joyga olib keldi. o'ynash uchun daqiqa
  • Buqalar jangi paytida yog'och oqartgichlarning qulashi Kolumbiyalik shaharcha Beri va erdagi odamlarni oyoq osti qilgan vahimali omon qolganlarning tiqilishi 222 tomoshabinni o'ldirdi.[73] Taxminan 40 000 muxlis Janubiy Amerika davlatidagi eng katta bulrda bo'lgan va 3000 ga yaqin yiqilgan uchastkada turgan. Tergovchilar qo'llab-quvvatlovchi nurlar ostidagi zamin yaqinda yog'ingarchilik tufayli yumshatilgan degan xulosaga kelishdi.[74]
  • AQSh prezidenti Karter bu haqda ma'lum qildi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Olimpiya qo'mitasi u Sovet Ittifoqining Afg'onistonga bostirib kirishiga javoban 19 iyul kuni Moskvada ochilishi rejalashtirilgan yozgi Olimpiya o'yinlarida USOC ishtirok etmasligini xohlagan. "Men talab qilayotgan yo'nalish hozirgi muhim paytda dunyo tinchligini ta'minlashga yordam berish uchun zarurdir", - deb yozadi u USOC prezidenti Robert Keynga yozgan maktubida va "Agar bizning tajovuzga javobimiz odatdagidek xalqaro sport turlari bilan davom etsak tajovuzkorning poytaxti, tajovuzni to'xtatish bo'yicha bizning boshqa qadamlarimiz buziladi. "[75] Bir hafta ichida AQSh Kongressi Sovet Ittifoqiga Afg'onistondan bosqinchi qo'shinlarini olib chiqib ketishni 20 fevralga qadar muddat berish uchun majburiy bo'lmagan qarorni qabul qildi, 386-12 ta Senat va 88-4 ta ma'qullash bilan.[76]
  • Tug'ilgan:

1980 yil 21 yanvar (dushanba)

Boyz
  • Amerika josusi Kristofer Jon Boys, 1977 yilda Sovet Ittifoqiga maxfiy hujjatlarni sotishda aybdor deb topilgan federal qamoqxona yilda Lompok, Kaliforniya, u erda 40 yillik qamoq jazosini o'tayotgan edi.[80] Boyz deyarli ikki yil davomida qo'lga olishdan qochib, 1981 yil 21 avgustda AQSh marshallari tomonidan hibsga olinishidan oldin SSSRga qochishni moliyalashtirish maqsadida 17 ta bank talon-torojlarini sodir etgan. Boys, "Falcon" laqabli va kitob va 1985 yilgi film Falcon va Snowman, 2002 yilda San-Frantsiskodagi yarim yo'lda ozod qilinib, keyin 89 yillik qamoq jazosining 25 yilini o'tab, 2003 yil 14 martda shartli ravishda ozod qilindi.[81][82]
  • Tug'ilgan:
  • O'ldi: Jorj Painvin, 93, frantsuz kriptanalizator kim nemisni sindirdi ADFGVX shifrlari Birinchi jahon urushi paytida

1980 yil 22 yanvar (seshanba)

  • Andrey Saxarov, Sovet Yadro fizikasi va inson huquqlari faoli, hibsga olingan Moskva keyin shaharga surgun qilingan Gorkiy, chet elliklar uchun cheklangan vaqt.[83] Sovet Ittifoqining Afg'onistonga bostirib kirishini tanqid qilgan Saxarov uchrashuvda qatnashish uchun o'z xonadonidan chiqib ketayotganida, politsiya uning mashinasini to'xtatib, uni Bosh prokuror Aleksandr Rekunkovning idorasiga olib bordi va u Gorkiyga ko'chib o'tishi to'g'risida unga xabar berdi.[84] Yelena Bonner Saxarovning rafiqasiga u bilan birga borishga ruxsat berildi va ikkalasi Domodedovo aeroportiga olib ketildi va keyin surgun qilingan shaharga uchib ketishdi. Saxarov, Sovet Ittifoqining birinchi dizayneri vodorod bombasi, 1986 yil 19 dekabrgacha Gorkiyda surgunda yashaydi,[85] va 1989 yil 14 dekabrda vafotigacha Moskvada yana uch yil yashagan.
  • The Guardia Nacional ning Salvador ichida aksilhukumat namoyishchilariga o'q uzdi San-Salvador, kamida 22 kishini va ehtimol 50 kishini o'ldirish, yuzlab odamlarni yaralash bilan.[86]
  • Tug'ilgan: Kristofer Masterson, Taniqli amerikalik televizion aktyor Malkom o'rtada; yilda Xempstid, Nyu-York

1980 yil 23 yanvar (chorshanba)

AQSh prezidenti Karter
  • Uning yillik qismida Ittifoq manzili Kongressga, AQSh prezidenti Karter Amerika tashqi siyosatidagi o'zgarish haqida e'lon qildi va matbuot "The Karter doktrinasi "bu bitta jumla bilan sarhisob qilingan:" Har qanday tashqi kuchning Fors ko'rfazi mintaqasini o'z nazoratiga olishga urinishi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlarining hayotiy manfaatlariga tajovuz sifatida baholanadi va bunday hujum qaytariladi. har qanday usul bilan, shu jumladan harbiy kuch bilan. "[87]
  • O'ldi: Lil Dagover (Marta Seubert uchun sahna nomi), 92, mashhur nemis kino aktrisasi

1980 yil 24 yanvar (payshanba)

1980 yil 25 yanvar (juma)

  • Erondagi saylovchilar o'sha xalqning saylovlarida qatnashgan birinchi prezident saylovi va tashqi ishlar vazirini juda ma'qul ko'rdi Abolxasan Banisadr, Eronning ma'naviy rahbari tomonidan tasdiqlangan nomzod Oyatulloh Xomeyni.[91] Banisadr sakkiz nomzodning maydonida 75 foizdan ko'proq ovoz oldi. Ikkinchi o'rinni egallagan Ahmad Madani 16 foizdan kam ovoz oldi. Banisadr 5 fevral kuni Islom Respublikasining birinchi Prezidenti sifatida ochilgan, ammo majlis tomonidan lavozimidan chetlatilgunga qadar atigi 16 oy xizmat qilgan. Bir oy yashirinib yurgan Banisadr Erondan uchib ketishga muvaffaq bo'ldi va oxir-oqibat Frantsiyada surgunda yashaydi.
  • Sharqiy vaqt bilan kechqurun soat 11:00 da, Qora ko'ngilochar televidenie (BET) teleko'rsatuvni birinchi simi kanali sifatida boshladi Afroamerikalik tomoshabinlar.[92] Robert L. Jonson, BET prezidenti, press-relizda "Qora televizion tarmoqni yaratish, bu millat tarixida birinchi marta qora tanli amerikaliklar o'zlarining ko'ngil ochar va axborot manfaatlariga mos ravishda dasturlashadigan tarmoqqa kirish imkoniyatiga ega bo'lishini anglatadi" dedi. 350 ta kabel tizimlari va 4500000 ta uy xo'jaliklari uchun mavjud bo'lgan dastlabki taklif 1974 yilgi film edi Boshliqning o'g'liga tashrif buyurish. Dastlab BET haftasiga atigi ikki soat, juma kuni kechqurun ishlagan, reklama qilinmagan filmlarni va reklamalarni taklif qilgan. Keyingi ikkita dastur 1977 yillarga tegishli edi Qaysi yo'l bor? 1-fevral va Skott Joplin 8 fevral kuni.[93]
  • Tug'ilgan:

1980 yil 26 yanvar (shanba)

1980 yil 27 yanvar (yakshanba)

  • Kanadalik suratga olish guruhi niqobi ostida AQShning to'rt nafar diplomati va ularning turmush o'rtoqlari - Jozef va Ketlin Stafford, Mark va Kora Lijek, Bob Anders va Li Shats - qochish uchun soxta Kanada pasportlaridan foydalangan dan Tehron, Eron, ular o'tirganlarida Swissair 363-reys ertalab soat 5:30 da uchib ketdi Tsyurix.[98][99] 4-noyabr kuni guruhning beshta a'zosi yomg'ir paytida AQSh elchixonasi binosining orqa tarafidan, hattoki uni namoyishchilar talabalari egallab olayotgan paytda qochib ketishdi va ularga oltinchisi qo'shni ofisda ishlagan. Deyarli uch oy davomida ular himoyalangan Kennet D. Teylor, Kanada Eron va Kanadaning immigratsiya bo'yicha bosh ofitserining uyidagi elchisi, Jon Sheardown. The New York Times oltita amerikalikdan xabardor edi, ammo tahririyat AQSh Davlat departamenti bilan voqeani oshkor qilmaslik to'g'risida kelishib oldi. Antonio J. Mendez AQSh Markaziy razvedka boshqarmasi Texnik xizmat idorasi soxta pasportlarni, "suratga olish guruhidan kutilgan narsaga mos kelish uchun" niqobli materiallar va kiyim-kechak bilan ta'minladi va keyin olti amerikalikni Mehrobod aeroportiga kuzatib qo'ydi.[100] Ushbu voqea 2012 yilda suratga olingan Argo.
  • Misr va Isroil o'rtasidagi chegara 1948 yilda Isroil tashkil topgandan beri birinchi marta ochilgan. Geula Jilboa ismli ayol chegara bo'ylab o'tib, Isroilga quruqlik bilan o'tgan birinchi Isroil fuqarosi edi. El-Arish, u erda u Misr rasmiylari tomonidan kutib olindi.[101][102] Misr prezidenti Anvar Sadod va Isroil bosh vaziri Menaxem boshlanadi 1977 yil 21-noyabrda kelishuvni e'lon qildi.
  • 300 nafar tunislik isyonchi guruh o'tib ketdi Liviya ichiga Tunis va hujum qildi Gafsa , 20 kishini o'ldirish.[103][104]
  • Devid Satton, tanga do'konining egasi Everett, Vashington, Devid Satton birinchi qurboniga aylandi Charlz T. Sinkler, "Tangalar do'koni qotili".
  • Robert Mugabe, rahbari Zimbabve Afrika milliy ittifoqi, qaytib keldi Rodeziya to'rt yildan ortiq surgunda bo'lgandan keyin bo'lajak milliy saylovlarda qatnashish uchun kutib olindi Solsberi by a crowd of 200,000 people, noted as a larger crowd than that which had greeted his rival, Joshua Nkomo. ZANU won the control in parliamentary elections and Mugabe became the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Zimbabwe on April 18.
  • Tug'ilgan: Marat Safin, Russian-born professional tennis player, winner of the 2000 U.S. Open and the 2005 Australian Open, and the ATP #1 ranked player for nine weeks in 2000; yilda Moskva
  • O'ldi:

January 28, 1980 (Monday)

  • Twenty-three of the 50 crew died when the U.S. Coast Guard cutter USCGC Qoraqalpoq collided with the oil tanker SS Uloq yilda Tampa ko'rfazi and then capsized.[105] At 8:21 in the evening, the cutter and the much larger tanker impacted.[106] The anchor of Uloq tore into the hull of Qoraqalpoq, then separated, pulling the cutter downward and leaving a large hole that filled with water. Within three minutes, by 8:24, the Coast Guard cutter sank along with the crew who had not been able to evacuate.[107] A shrimp boat, Bayou rescued 22 of the 27 survivors from chilly waters.[108]
A Coca-Cola with sucrose

January 29, 1980 (Tuesday)

Rubik kubigi[110]

January 30, 1980 (Wednesday)

January 31, 1980 (Thursday)

  • Spain's Embassy in Gvatemala was invaded and set on fire during an attempt by Guatemalan commandos to free 10 people taken hostage by the Committee for Peasant Unity. Eight of the hostages and 28 of the occupiers were burned to death after a fire swept through the second floor. Spain severed all diplomatic relations with Guatemala after the incident.[114]
  • Kang Shien, a Xitoy Xalq Respublikasi Bosh vazirining o'rinbosari and chief of the nation's Economic Commission, made the first statement from the Chinese government that the nation's population had reached one billion people. Kang's remarks came in an address to a group of delegates from Norway's shipping industry, when he said "Even if we succeed in restricting the population, we will have 1 billion, 200 million people by the year 2000. We already have 1 billion." Western analysts noted that Kang's estimate "presumably includes the 17 million people on Taiwan, which the Peking government considers a part of China." [115] The official number as of the Census of July 1, 1982 was that the mainland population was 1,008,180,738 people, a figure announced in the newspaper People Daily on October 27, 1982. [116]
To'fon

Adabiyotlar

  1. ^ attribution: Gage Skidmore
  2. ^ "Earthquake Jars Azores Killing 52", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 2, 1980, p3
  3. ^ "Azores city of 17,000 shattered", Monreal gazetasi, January 3, 1980, p2
  4. ^ "42 dead, 50 hurt in fire, man held by Que. police", Ottava jurnali, January 2, 1980, p1
  5. ^ "Quebec Fire Kills 42 At New Year's Party", 'Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, January 2, 1980, p4
  6. ^ "Right on Red Comes to Boston", Garvard Crimson, 1979 yil 4-dekabr
  7. ^ "Yes, it's turned into a right old mess", Boston Globe, December 31, 1979, p13
  8. ^ "More turns on red promised by DPW", Boston Globe, January 9, 1980, p37
  9. ^ attribution: Henrik Sendelbach
  10. ^ "New heir", Guardian (London), January 2, 1980, p3
  11. ^ "Editorial: Supreme Court erred on treaty with Taiwan", Dayton (O.) Journal-Herald, December 31, 1979, p10
  12. ^ "USC Wants No. 1 After Rose Bowl Win", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 2, 1980, p13
  13. ^ "Alabama Remains Unbeaten, Presses Claim to No.1", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 2, 1980, p14
  14. ^ "Alabama's No. 1— And it doesn't have to share its claim this year", Louisville (KY) Courier-Journal, January 3, 1980, pD-1
  15. ^ "Dethroned— Bert Parks out as 'Mr.' Miss America", Akron (O.) Beacon Journal, January 3, 1980, p1
  16. ^ "There he goes... Bert Parks is fired", Mayami yangiliklari, January 3, 1980, p13
  17. ^ "Carter Asks Senate Delay on SALT— Russ Role in Afghanistan Coup Cited", Los Anjeles Tayms, January 3, 1980, p1
  18. ^ "El Salvador military takes over as civilians quit junta of 80 days", Baltimor Sun, January 4, 1980, p4
  19. ^ "Portugal prime minister sworn in", Tampa Bay Times, January 4, 1980, p2
  20. ^ "Lion Kills 'Born Free' Author", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 5, 1980, p1
  21. ^ "Kenyan Convicted of Slaying 'Born Free' Author Joy Adamson", Los Anjeles Tayms, August 29, 1981, p4
  22. ^ "Carter Curbs Grain to Soviets", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 5, 1980, p1
  23. ^ "Mauritania Leader Fires His President", Mayami Xerald, January 6, 1980, p7-A
  24. ^ "Riots in Three Iranian Cities Leave 29 Dead", by Doyle McManus, Los Anjeles Tayms, January 6, 1980, p1
  25. ^ "Chronology", in Bowlingning tarixiy lug'ati, tahrir. by John Grasso and Eric R. Hartman (Rowman & Littlefield, 2014) p. xxxi
  26. ^ "Nelson Captures Alameda Open", Sakramento asalari, January 6, 1980, p1
  27. ^ "The perfect clock to explore space by", Smithsonian News Service", in Camden (NJ) Courier-Post", January 6, 1980, p8F
  28. ^ "Terrorists Assassinate Sicily Regional Official", Nashville (TN) Tennessean, January 7, 1980, p2
  29. ^ V. Krishna Ananth, India Since Independence: Making Sense Of Indian Politics (Dorling Kindersley Inc., 2011) p238
  30. ^ "Gandhi wins landslide in India's national vote", Louisville Courier-Journal, January 8, 1980, p1
  31. ^ "Carter signs Chrysler aid bill", Detroyt Free Press, January 8, 1980, p1
  32. ^ "Carter Signs Chrysler Aid Bill, Calls Loan Guarantees 'Good Investment'", Los Anjeles Tayms, January 8, 1980, pIV-2
  33. ^ "Chrysler check pays off loan 7 years early", Detroyt Free Press, August 13, 1983, p1
  34. ^ "Soviets Veto UN on Afghan Pullout", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 8, 1980, p1
  35. ^ "UN General Assembly Will Air Afghan War", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 10, 1980, p1
  36. ^ "Nun elected new mayor of Dubuque", Chicago Tribune, , January 9, 1980, p15
  37. ^ "Merged Pan Am slashes fares", Mayami yangiliklari, January 7, 1980, p1
  38. ^ "NCAA votes to sponsor women's championships", Louisville (KY) Courier-Journal, January 8, 1980, pD3
  39. ^ "Obituaries: John W. Mauchly, 72, inventor of computer", Filadelfiya tergovchisi, January 9, 1980, p4-B
  40. ^ "Saudis Behead Zealots", The Victoria (TX) Advocate, January 10, 1980, p6B
  41. ^ "63 Zealots Beheaded For Seizing Mosque"], Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 10, 1980, p6
  42. ^ "Saudis behead 63 for Mosque attack", Guardian, January 10, 1980, p1
  43. ^ "Pakistan", by Charles G. Cogan, in Harbiy fan ensiklopediyasi, tahrir. by G. Kurt Piehler (SAGE, 2013) p1050
  44. ^ Endryu Postman va Larri Stoun, The Ultimate Book of Sports Lists" (Bantam Books, 1990) p259
  45. ^ "Stewart stumbles— Bruins do, too", Boston Globe, January 11, 1980, p33
  46. ^ "Stewart: Nothing went right", Boston Globe, January 11, 1980, p34
  47. ^ "A wrong-way flight to death: LSU coach and pilot lost in crash at sea", Detroyt Free Press, January 12, 1980, p1
  48. ^ "LSU Coach Presumed Killed", by John Pope, '"Washington Post, January 12, 1980
  49. ^ "Block us & it's war: Iran to U.S.", Daily News (New York), January 12, 1980, p3
  50. ^ Alejandra Torres Camprubí, Statehood Under Water: Challenges of Sea-Level Rise to the Continuity of Pacific Island States (BRILL, 2016) p. xix
  51. ^ "Master, at 14, of chess world", Guardian (London), January 12, 1980, p24
  52. ^ "Green Party survives its birth", by Siegried Buschschluter, Guardian (London), January 14, 1980, p6
  53. ^ "Soviets Veto UN Sanctions Against Iran", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 14, 1980, p1
  54. ^ "A Conciliatory Nkomo Returns To Rhodesia", Mayami Xerald, January 14, 1980, p2
  55. ^ "Pakistan Offered $400 Million In Aid To Counter Soviets", Cincinnati Enquirer, January 14, 1980, p1
  56. ^ "Aeroflot office on Fifth Ave. hit by bomb; three injured", Daily News (New York), January 14, 1980, p1
  57. ^ "Indira Gandhi Takes Oath", Alabama jurnali (Montgomery AL), January 14, 1980, p22
  58. ^ "Indira Gandhi Sworn In", Sent-Luisdan keyingi dispetcherlik, January 14, 1980, p2
  59. ^ Charlton, Linda (November 1, 1984). "Assassination in India: A Leader of Will and Force; Indira Gandhi, Born to Politics, Left Her Own Imprint on India". The New York Times. Olingan 17 may, 2017.
  60. ^ "UN Vote Rebukes Soviets", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 15, 1980, p1
  61. ^ "Press Given 4 Days to Leave Iran", Tuz ko'li Tribunasi, January 16, 1980, p1
  62. ^ "NBC Names New Programming Chief", Atlanta konstitutsiyasi, January 16, 1980, p7-B
  63. ^ "People's justice", Baltimor oqshom quyoshi, January 15, 1980, p2
  64. ^ CBS Evening News- 1980-01-16, YouTube.com
  65. ^ Akim Reinhardt and Heather Rounds, The Twentieth Century in 100 Moments: A Visual History (Voyageur Press, 2016) p57
  66. ^ "Scotland yard probes $60 million oil 'theft'", Ottava jurnali, February 1, 1980, p1
  67. ^ Baris Soyer, Marine Insurance Fraud (Taylor & Francis, 2014) pp229-231
  68. ^ Hendrik S. Houthakker and Peter J. Williamson, The Economics of Financial Markets (Oxford University Press, 1996) p292-299
  69. ^ "Cars, truck drive off bridge hit by freighter", Baltimor oqshom quyoshi, January 19, 1980, p1
  70. ^ "Alfonso XIII is reburied in Spain", Louisville Courier-Journal, January 19, 1980, pA13
  71. ^ "Wilt vs. The World", "Scorecard", by Jerry Kirshenbaum, Sport Illustrated, February 4, 1980, p16
  72. ^ "Four Down, '80s to Go", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 21, 1980, p1
  73. ^ "January 20, 1980: Bullfight spectators die when bleachers collapse", Tarixdagi bu kun
  74. ^ "At Least 147 Killed in Bullring Collapse", Tampa (FL) Tribune, January 21, 1980, p1
  75. ^ "Carter: Don't Go to Moscow", Mayami Xerald, January 21, 1980, p1
  76. ^ "The Boycott of the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games and Detente", by Rob C.R. Siekmann, in Essays on Human Rights in the Helsinki Process, tahrir. by Arie Bloed and Pieter van Dijk (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1985)
  77. ^ "Gold Prices - 100 Year Historical Chart". www.macrotrends.net. Olingan 2020-11-07.
  78. ^ "Iran Air Jet Goes Down Carrying 128 On Board", Cincinnati Enquirer, January 22, 1980, p4
  79. ^ Aviation Safety Database
  80. ^ "Boyce, 'Falcon' of Spy Story, Escapes Lompoc", Los Anjeles Tayms, January 22, 1980, p6
  81. ^ "'Falcon' in spy case paroled from prison", Chicago Tribune, March 15, 2003, p12
  82. ^ "Cold War spy released after 25 years— Christopher Boyce, now 50, will be on parole until 2046", Sharlotta kuzatuvchisi, March 15, 2003, p11
  83. ^ "Dissident Sakharov Banished by Soviets-- Banished by Soviets", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 23, 1980, p1
  84. ^ "Soviet Dissident Sakharov Seized, Exiled From Moscow", Sakramento asalari, January 23, 1980, p1
  85. ^ "Sakharov released, Bonner pardoned", Indianapolis yangiliklari, December 19, 1986, p1
  86. ^ From Madness to Hope: The 12-year war in El Salvador, Report of the UN Truth Commission on El Salvador, April 1, 1993
  87. ^ "Carter Doctrine Is Major Change", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 24, 1980, p1
  88. ^ "U.S. to sell China materiel; Weapons not on list", Baltimor Sun, January 25, 1980, p1
  89. ^ Aviation Safety Database
  90. ^ "Burma jet crash kills 43", Daily News (New York), January 26, 1980, pC9
  91. ^ "Iran: Strong Bani-Sadr Vote Seen", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 26, 1980, p1
  92. ^ "Black TV network on the air", Muncie (IN) Evening Press, January 25, 1980, p15
  93. ^ "Cable TV adds black programming to Friday schedule", Rapid City (SD) Journal, January 25, 1980, p3
  94. ^ "Egypt and Israel establish formal diplomatic ties", San Francisco Sunday Examiner & Chronicle, January 27, 1980, p2
  95. ^ "Egyptian History (Part 3)". OnThisDay.com. Olingan 8 yanvar, 2018.
  96. ^ "Sinatra Drives Brazil Bananas", El Paso (TX) Times, January 28, 1980, p3
  97. ^ "Mary Decker Runs World Record Mile", Los Anjeles Tayms, January 27, 1980, pIII-3
  98. ^ "Yanks sneak out of Iran— Diplomats use fake passports, fool militants", San-Fransisko imtihonchisi, January 28, 1980, p1
  99. ^ "The Great Escape: Six U.S. Officials Flee Iran With Forged Papers, Canadian Passports", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, January 30, 1980, p1
  100. ^ Jeffri T. Rixelson, The Wizards Of Langley: Inside The Cia's Directorate Of Science And Technology (Asosiy kitoblar, 2008)
  101. ^ "Visa Problem at Opening Of Israel-Egypt Frontier", The New York Times, by David K. Shipler, January 28, 1980, p.pA-3
  102. ^ "Israel-Egypt Border Opens— Brut Not Very Wide", Sharlotta kuzatuvchisi, January 30, 1980, p1
  103. ^ "Guerrillas Kill 20 in Tunisia; Troops Sent", Los Anjeles Tayms, January 28, 1980, p7
  104. ^ "Tunisian rebels 'were trained in Libya'", Guardian (London), January 29, 1980, p6
  105. ^ "Six bodies found, 17 missing as divers search Tampa Bay", Tampa (FL) Times, January 29, 1980, p1
  106. ^ Marine Casualty Report: USCGC Blackthorn, SS Capricorn, Collision in Tampa Bay on 28 January 1980 with Loss of Life, U.S. Coast Guard Marine Board of Investigation Report" (1980)
  107. ^ [https://www.tampabay.com/news/military/2020/01/27/a-1980-coast-guard-disaster-killed-23-in-tampa-bay-heres-one-heros-story/ "A 1980 Coast Guard disaster killed 23 in Tampa Bay. Here’s one hero’s story.", by Kirby Wilson, Tampa Bay Times, 2020 yil 27-yanvar
  108. ^ "Quick Rescue— Horrified Fishermen Hauled Survivor's Aboard As Doomed Ship Sank Quickly", Tampa tribunasi, January 30, 1980, p9
  109. ^ "Coca-Cola will replace cane sugar with corn", AP report in Fort Myers (FL) News-Press, January 29, 1980, p16A
  110. ^ attribution: Booyabazooka
  111. ^ "V&A Archives". www.VAM.ac.uk. Olingan 8 yanvar, 2018.
  112. ^ "South African troops end pullout from Rhodesian side of bridge", Boston Globe, January 31, 1980, p5
  113. ^ "Base Belgrano III— Isla Berkner, mar de Weddell (77º46'S 38º11'W)"
  114. ^ "30 Are Killed In Guatemala Embassy Battle", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, February 1, 1980, p3
  115. ^ "China population reaches 1 billion", Associated Press report in the Rapid City (SD) Journal, February 1, 1980, p20
  116. ^ Richard J. R. Kirkby, Urbanisation in China: Town and Country in a Developing Economy, 1949–2000 AD (Croom Helm, 1985)
  117. ^ "Flood Praised by Moorhead", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, February 1, 1980, p3
  118. ^ "Dutch Queen Abdicates, Daughter to Get Throne", Pitsburg Post-Gazette, February 1, 1980, p3